Tuesday, September 22, 2015

A TRIBUTE TO MY ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS FOR THE PAST 20 YEARS .... by Arch. Ma. Elena E. Lamasan




RESIDENTIAL ENVIRONMENT AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

"The Influences of City  Living and Sub-urban Living in the Study Habits 
of  selected Architecture Students in Manila"





  Abstract

This paper will identify the Influences of  city living and sub-urban living in the study habits of selected architecture students. The data gathered here will  form part of the basis of parent’s decision choosing the best residential occupancy for their children  studying in the university built in Manila, be it a temporary home or a permanent one. The significant effects of physical activity that is shown in the survey will also determine where of the two residential occupancies  will best suit for the health and total well-being of these young adults.  The hypothesis that family support system is  a helpful factor in improving study habits is also  partnered with the belief that the right physical activity done in nature places like the sub-urban is necessary to the development of a total human well-being. 


Introduction

Parenthood especially guiding young adult in their growing years is such a noble role in this life.  In such, careful decisions are made for their residential occupancy whether it’s a temporary of permanent home, in the city or in the sub-urban. 

With the invasion of technological gadgets nowadays, the physical environment  that may affect their study habits and learning development are on the critical row.  The fiber optics and high signals of the internet holds their heads up high.  Studying now requires  less spaces and few drafting tables,  this is not a sign of simplified life for the young adults. This is even more a complicated  issue. Architecture students are commonly known as Visual Learners, They are the people who process information by what they see and think in terms of pictures.  Their exposure to a wide array of both the natural and built environment is still  needing guidance.

Crowding, density and personal space, included in the school environment are ambient conditions, which are the  non-visual qualities of an environment that determine people’s moods and memories. These matters are part of the survey questions conducted to the architecture students respondents.
The result of the survey can be viewed online thru the link provided while a summary were made as Annexes of this paper. Here the respondents exhibited their sensibilities in answering what residential satisfaction means to them. The validation of physical activity  was done as a comparison of how is it when near their  city home  or how is it when near their sub-urban home and the result showed while they need  to be in the city home form some accessibilities,  students values their sub-urban home for what nature offered them.




Literature Review

The  Meaning and Nature of Learning
Norman L. Munn, in the book Psychology, the Fundamentals of Human Adjustment defines learning as a more or les permanent modification of behavior which results from activity, special training and observation. “Learning is a relatively permanent change of behavior as the result of practice – excluding factors like fatique, drugs, adaptation, disease, maturation and physical change” says Ernest R. Hilgard and R. Atkinson in the book, Introduction to Psychology. Ernest C. Edwards in General Psychology refers to learning as a concept describing changes in behavior, which results from reinforced practice.

Encountering Stress in a Changing World
Josefina E. Gaerlan, Delia A. Limpingco and Geraldine E. Tria, in their Psychological Basis of Human Behavior, says that  “young people are also being afflicted with stress, anxiety and depression. Problems with school work, with home and even in the workplace often lead to depression, drug abuse and sometimes, suicide. Various  changes in one’s  life are “ bedrocks of stress” more especially if these changes are “ unexpected, sudden and inescapable”.

Stress  causes inflammation of the cranial meninges of the frontal (facial) area, causing acute neuralgia ( headache). This condition is called migraine and has a serious debilitating effect on stressed individuals. These and other symptoms have been classed under a general term”,  Selye’s  Syndrome,” after Dr. Hans Selye, the physician who first described the effects of mental stress on the body.

Selye found that stress triggered by environmental factors causes extensive repercussions in the internal environment. Vasocontriction, adrenalin production, augmented gastric secretion and contraction, all components of the syndrome, are the body’s defensive preparations against anxiety states.  If anxiety is not lifted, the various organs and glands involved are worked to exhaustion. Before this, psychosomatic symptoms may appear, caused by the excessive secretion of adrenaline or other hormones, or peptic ulcers from gastric acids, etc.

Categories of Fears
In the olden times, people were faced with dangers that were objective, concrete and physical in nature. These were famine, pestilence, thieves and these were something they inevitably have to resolve.
In our modern world, we do not only have to cope with physical dangers like water shortages, electric failures and famine but have to deal with a society that has become depersonalized that many have to deal with anxieties resulting from disrupted social relationships.

Social Fears
These anxieties are often focused on either ourselves or on certain persons in our lives who to our estimate matter much to us – our parents, our bosses, special friend or a classmate. It has been theorized that fears of being liked or disliked,  stem from an inner dislike in ourselves which we fear other people may not like.  The fact is,  a certain amount of fear is necessary as a motivational factor. The resulting tension generates energy that may result in responses that ought however to be channeled to positive in his life.  Studies indicate that many young talented persons who come from low income or impoverished situations do much better in school and become achievers in life.

Jum McFadden in his book, The Fear Action (Servant Bks, Michigan, ’73),  says “ Fear is a matter of nerves, partly a matter of glands and partly a matter of thoughts.” It is necessary therefore that one must get in control of one’s own mind for its lasting value in terms of physical health.  Problems or disappointments we inevitably meet in life should serve not as “roadblocks” but as “ hurdles” we have to surmount if we have to survive. 
Architecture students are commonly known as visual learners. They are the people who process information by what they see and think in terms of pictures.  The physical environment  that may affect their study habits and learning development are crowding, density and personal space. Included in the school environment are ambient conditions, which are the  non-visual qualities of an environment that determine people’s moods and memories.

Effects of Bullying
When students are living away from families, they may lack adult supervision that may result to some bad influences.   One disturbing  bad influences in  studying is bullying. There are predominant instigators  fall into categories such as familial factors, school factors and peer pressure. Children who engage in bullying often experience violence in the home, lack of discipline with specific and consistent consequences and bullying from older siblings or other family members which shows that these children has inadequate social skills.
Crawford, N, (2002),  in the online article : New Ways to Stop Bullying had discussed many factors affecting bullying. Children who are victimized tend to have overprotective parents or teachers, which inhibits their abilities to cope with bullying.  The long-term effects of bullying are children who show low self-esteem   and greater incidence of depression, loneliness, feelings of isolation, anxiety and frequent thoughts about suicide.
Adults who experienced  bullying as children tend to be more susceptible to severe depression, poor interpersonal relationships, misplaced aggressions, academic underachievement and higher predisposition toward suicide. Victims are also more likely to report headaches, which result in poor school attendance and lower grades.

Sick Building Syndrome
 According to US  Environmental  Protection Agency (EPA) Sick Building Syndrome (SBS)  is described in which occupants experienced  acute health and comfort problems that seem linked to the time they spend inside a building but for which no specific illness or cause can be identified.  The researchers also found that higher carbon dioxide levels increased the incidence of headaches, which appeared “to affect human performance during office work by reducing the inclination to exert effort” (Wargocki et al. 1999, 136). These physical afflictions often lead to the manifestations of stress and other psychological ailments. 

 METHOD

Participants
The participants in the study conducted are architecture students within the heart of the city. It was participated in by 25 college students, 13 students (54%) studying at Mapua Institute of Technology and 10 students (41%) studying from National University.
About 10 students (41%) are going home to the southern part of Manila like provinces of Batangas, Bicol and other parts of Southern Luzon. In the Northern part of Luzon like Bulacan  and Pampanga, there are 4 (16.7%) , on the Eastern part of Manila like Antipolo and Rizal, there are 2 students (8.3%) and there are 8 students ( 33.3%) who are going home  in other sub-urban areas not indicated in the questionnaire.
2.2.   Data Collection
To gather full information needed, two parts of the survey was conducted. The part  1  focus on  “The Influences of City  living and sub-urban living in the study habits of selected architecture students in Manila” , were the respondents answered questions on the cognitive aspects, their feelings, their apprehensions and their own interpretation of their situation. Their perception on how their living condition affects their study habits. They were also given the chance to share their personal  view on how rate their present homes and made their personal interpretation on what do they think is residential satisfaction for an architecture student.  
The part 2 of the Survey focused on , Validation of the Scale for Evaluation of Environment Perception for Physical Activity in Architecture Student in the University Belt , Manila”  which was an examination of the physical activity involvement of the respondents in city environments and in the sub-urban environment.  In this part 2, the respondent rated their physical activity based on the Brazilian study as reference given for this study titled,  “Validation of the scale for evaluation of environment perception for physical activity practice in adults living in region of low socioeconomic level”
To minimize the no. of pages on this study, the Link is provided herewith to the Online Survey : https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1XBSjat_YtwP_A_MbVxf0jMSVhyoOKIUP1GEoqgNStdQ/viewform?c=0&w=1
The Data collection on both was based on the Online Google Survey submitted and with analytics that is automatically generated by the program.

 Procedure
Actual verbal consultations with the prospect   respondents was first done by the writer to know their status and  if their experiences will be a   useful contribution to the formation of the knowledge of the problem.  Two sets of Questionnaires were done. The part 1,  intentionally to get the demographic information   and cognitive aspect of the respondents. The Part 2, to conduct the validation of physical activities as the main concept on the study. A link was sent to the respondents thru email, followed up by personal messages. The respondent after answering the Survey just click the SUBMIT box on the link and the result is forward automatically to the writer.
The survey took around 3 weeks from the last  week of August to the  1st week of September, 2015. The limitations of the Survey lies on the available acquaintances of the writer during the study period who has google or  facebook accounts. 

Data Analysis
The survey indicated that almost 36.4% or 8 students are staying in other residences other than the 5 students (22.7%) who are staying I the rented houses, 3 ( 13.6%) in apartments and 6 ( 27.3% are in the condominiums. While 5 ( 21.7%) are still staying with parents in Manila or their city home, 4 ( 17.4%) are staying only with their siblings and 3 (13%) are staying with their guardians. Astonishing that a many of them around 11 ( 47.8%) are staying with others such as classmates, board mates or dorm mates ( dormitory mates) . The two sensible survey question as to where to they reside in Manila and who are they staying with will dictate later their perception of their personal spaces.


RESULTS

While the Data Analysis above partly shows an evident result of the respondents way of seeing themselves on how their living in the city and living in the sub-urban had influenced their study habits. The Summary below shows the exact responses and ratings on the physical activity both in the city and the sub-urban.
In the Analysis of the Result of Survey Part 2: Examination of the Physical Activity Involvement of the Respondents in City Environment and in the Sub-Urban Environment, let us consider that the respondents here are young adults in the college level, they are at age bracket of 16-22 ,  thus they are healthy and vibrant for any walking distances as mentioned in this study.  In this lifestyle and age, a 30 minutes walk is just their regular walking routine if and only if, the considerations on the road and the vicinity favors safety and health.
Some answers that gets attention is the 95% of yes in the sub-urban dwellers that say that drivers use to stop and let pedestrians cross in the crossroads. There is also a 95% of sub-urban dwellers who answered yes to the questions on the safety of walking or riding a bicycle during night time.
On the over rating of the availability and accessibility of the living environment to the physical activity,  45% of respondents in the sub-urban rated as 100%,  while  respondents in the city only  rated  16% .


DISCUSSION
In consideration of both the mental, emotional and the physical aspect of living in also, both the city  and the sub-urban,  varied views on how the respondents perceive satisfaction in their  primary territory which is their homes were reflected in the survey result





ONCLUSION

The perception of residential environment  and physical activity varies depending in many considerations. The meaning of home is highly  subjective and contingent on a person’s personality, age and stage in life, gender and social role, culture and physical influences.
 In this study, having the age bracket of 16-22 as the young adults, and identifying their identity in the society as students and architecture students at that, the qualities and description of what is residential environment and satisfaction is a unique one. The influences of city living and urban living in their study habits lies on their specific need at a given period of time.
Nearness to family members once a student leaves the sub-urban home to go to the city creates loneliness and detachment which will encourage others social support once he/she arrives at the city.  The advantage of having home cooked food and the love and care they achieve when they are in their sub-urban homes gives a strong encouragement to study harder.  In the utility of their life, the city living gives them access to fast internet, accessible printing shops, malls and transportation. 
Self independence and self motivation tests these respondents while living far from their families which at the same time exposes them to vices, bad sleeping habits, procrastination and eating junk foods. Disastrous to health but also a help to their efficiency in accomplishing plates and assignments since nearness to school will not let them travel for hours to the sub-urban.
In the overall perspective of seeing the influences of both living conditions on the selected architecture students, survey results states that self-motivation and personal independence is developed in city living, while their health and need for natural living environment is at stake. Close family ties are a big factor in the improving the study habits and school accomplishment of the architecture students.

References:
Books:
1.      Kopec, D. (2006, 2012). ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY FOR DESIGN

2.      J.P. Chaplin, Ph.D., DICTIONARY OF PSYCHOLOGY, Second Revised Edition ( 1985, October) Random House Inc. USA

3.      Dr. Karen Cullen, CHILD PSYCHOLOGY, (2011) Icon Books , UK and USA

4.      Alain de Botton, THE ARCHITECTURE OF HAPPINESS, 1st Edition, (2008, April) First Vintage International, Vintage Books, USA

5.      Tara Bennett-Goleman, EMOTIONAL ALCHEMY, (2001) Three Rivers Press, New York

6.      Josefina E. Gaerlan, Delia A. Limpingco and Geraldine E. Tria, PSYCHOLOGICAL BASIS OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR, 3rd Edition, ( 2017) Ken Incorporated, Quezon City , Philippines

7.      Don Norman, THE DESIGN OF EVERYDAY THINGS, (2013) , Basic Books , USA

8.      Alicia Hernandez-Kahayon and Ma. Rita Teresa Villacarlos-Berba, PSYCHOLOGY TOWARDS A NEW MILLENIUM, (2009) National Bookstore, Philippines


9.      Richard Sennett, THE FALL OF THE PUBLIC MAN, (1976) Penguin Books Ltd, England
Websites:

1.      Open Science Repository Education, STUDY HABITS AND ATTITUDES: THE ROAD TO ACADAMIC SUCCESS, Retrieved September 5, 2015,   http://www.open-science-repository.com/study-habits-and-attitudes-the-road-to-academic-success.html

2.      Crawford, N, (2002),  NEW WAYS TO STOP BULLYING, APA Monitor on Psychology, Retrieved September 9, 2015 from http://www.apa.org/monitor/oct02/bullying.aspx


Online Articles:
1.      Relationship between Home Environment and Study Habit of Senior Secondary School Students. http://raijmr.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/8_35-39-Dr.-Reena-Rani.pdf

2.      Giniely V. Venturina, FACTORS AFFECTING THE STUDY HABITS OF STUDENTS.  http://udyong.net/teachers-corner/4774-factors-affecting-the-study-habits-of-the-students


3.      Brian Robben, STUDENT ENVIRONMENT AFFECTS STUDY HABITS

4.      Ogbodo, Rosemary Ochanya, PhD, EFFECTIVE STUDY HABITS IN EDUCATION SECTOR: COUNSELING IMPLICATIONS, Zuba, Abuja, Retrieved September 18, 2015 from  http://www.ajol.info/index.php/ejc/article/viewFile/63610/51444

______________________________________________________________________________
Annexes are provided to show the Summary of the Online Google Survey other than the reader’s Links.  The Data collection on both was based on the Online Google Survey submitted and with analytics that is automatically generated by the program.
ANNEX 1: Summary of the Survey Part 1 : Examination of the Physical Activity Involvement of the Respondents in City Environment and in the Sub-Urban Environment.

ANNEX 2:  Summary of the Survey Part 2 : Validation of the Scale for Evaluation of Environmental Perception for Physical  Activity Practice in Architecture Students in the University Belt, Manila
The Survey Part 1 answers the questions as reference on the Topic: This was done thru a  Google Online Survey  participated in by 25 college students, 13 students (54%) studying at Mapua Institute of Technology and 10 students (41%) studying from National University. The result here is combined with the findings on the Survey Part 2 as reference on the Topic: Validation of the Scale for Evaluation of Environmental Perception for Physical  Activity Practice in Architecture Students in the University Belt, Manila

About 10 students (41%) are going home to the southern part of Manila like provinces of Batangas, Bicol and other parts of Southern Luzon. In the Northern part of Luzon like Bulacan  and Pampanga, there are 4 (16.7%) , on the Eastern part of Manila like Antipolo and Rizal, there are 2 students (8.3%) and there are 8 students ( 33.3%) who are going home  in other sub-urban areas not indicated in the questionnaire.

The survey indicated that almost 36.4% or 8 students are staying in other residences other than the 5 students (22.7%) who are staying I the rented houses, 3 ( 13.6%) in apartments and 6 ( 27.3% are in the condominiums. While 5 ( 21.7%) are still staying with parents in Manila or their city home, 4 ( 17.4%) are staying only with their siblings and 3 (13%) are staying with their guardians. Astonishing that a many of them around 11 ( 47.8%) are staying with others such as classmates, board mates or dorm mates ( dormitory mates) . The two sensible survey question as to where to they reside in Manila and who are they staying with will dictate later their perception of their personal spaces.
The respondents manifested that almost 13 ( 59.1%) of them goes home to their sub-urban homes on a more than a month interval and most likely on a semestral break. A once a week schedule was answered by 5 ( 22.7%) and 2 ( 9.1%) goes home twice a month and 2 ( 9.1%) goes home to the sub-urban homes once a month.

Familiarity of the city home was expressed on the duration of their stay in Manila with 11 students ( 47.8% had been staying for 4 years and above and 10 ( 43.5%) students have been in Manila for 2-3 years. Only 2 ( 8.7%) have been staying in Manila for a year as of the survey date.
The emotional stability of the respondents and response to noise were tested when it  showed that 18 (75%) would like to isolate themselves and go to some quite places when they are situated in a crowded, noisy area in the school. About (12.5%) or 3 students can control their environment and answered, thay can sustain the noise , anyway they also have peace during weekends.  Meanwhile, 2 ( 8.3%) responded that they can join the fun even it’s a bit noisy. One respondent answered  unspecified. 

The question about self-independence showed that  13 (54%) consider their city home as their permanent home and almost 19 (90%) had answered that their situation being away from their family for the whole week made them more independent as a person. Only 2 ( 9.5%) signified that their situation is creating  a problem in their study. This is so because 10 respondents ( 41.7%) considered their city home as complete when it comes to the amenities surrounding them.
When asked to give the 1st Five  amenities  within their residences they would consider necessary as architecture students, their answer were:
1st – internet, 2nd grocery, 3rd  Transportation, 4th Banks and 5th Mall. The Gym and Nature Garden was the 6th, Saloon and Movie House was the 7th . And the swimming amenities got the lowest of their priority  being in the city home.
The respondents answered the question if what made their studying better,  when they are in city homes as follows:
(1).1My city home gave me more time to do my plates. (2). The fact that I had already enough time to study and finish my school works while living in Manila is already a good thing. It helps me a lot to finish my task early and sleep / relax without wasting time in travel hours. (3). Good internet connection, printing shops for architectural sheets, resources like libraries. (4). Made me better because not only become an independent but also you have freedom to work quietly and no distractions like tv and foods lol. (5). Avoiding the routinely heavy traffic towards & away from suburban home. (6). Its near school, have more time to rest and more convenient It will give me more time to do other things .(You got all you need in the city. :) (7). The fast internet. (8).Because we have our own internet in our city home and comfortability with the place. (9)At some point it made me feel better because at this time of life I also need to practice my independency.(10). Living in the city home made my studies better for the reason that every thing you need for school is every where for example are different kinds and sizes of paper, drafting tools, etc. and students here are more competitive.(11). It made my studying better because I am closer to all the resources needed. (12). I've lived in different apartments within the Metro Manila area and it's effects on my study habits vary from each location. (13). City home makes me go near my school.(14). Being in my suburban home make me comfortable; too comfortable. It creates an ambiance suited for resting and leisure. Living in the city lacked this ambiance thus making me more productive. (15).Less distractions .(16). Quiet and can focus to the studies.(17) The proximity from the city home and the school is definitely an advantage to be able to get things done in a short period of time. (18). Everything is more convenient in my city home because there is an easier access to the everyday needs of an architecture student like keeping up with the technology, internet, and shops to buy architectural needs.

The respondents, thru  their own personal statements,  answered the question if what made their studying worse,  when they are in city homes. The answers  are  as follows:
(1). Heavy traffic everyday makes me late on my first morning class, noisy and pollution. (2) Maybe, cause I sleep with no curfew like 4 in the morning.. I learn to vape I learn everything that I cant imagine that I've tried.. But I said I while ago its maybe. (3). Living in the city home made my studies worse for the reason that technologies are every where cellphones, computer or even past time places like malls, parks, this factors tend to reduces my time in studying. (4). There are many malls and leisure places that may distract my attention to studying. (5). Living in the city home made my studying worse because our apartment is too congested to accommodate us. (6). I don’t have a problem studying in the city home.(7) Too comfortable ended up in procrastinating .(8) Lack of supervision. (9).It gets worse because aside from myself no one would prepare my food, usually architecture students would spend time on plates and don’t bother to cook and eat, that's my scenario. (10).The slow internet .(11). A noisy and hot  environment. If I'm studying I like the peace and quite. (12) If there is something that made my studying worse, it is mainly because of the traffic. Instead of you're already at home early and have the time to study, I usually spend my time on the road. Also, the city home is not very healthy if you want to focus because there are so many temptations that will distract me. (13). Its too crowded that you cannot concentrate on your studies. (14) Home sickness / It gets lonely most of the time.(15) It is far from my school and I cannot consider it as an accessible place to live while I am studying here in Manila. It will take 5-6 hours if I am coming from my city home. (16) Its noisy, dirty, and stressful because its a whole different environment for me. Its also dangerous to live in the city because I'm alone and the people are different. (17) It is hard to concentrate because it's a different environment and because I have been living in my provincial home all my life. (18) Living in Tondo, one of the most crowded places in Manila, is really challenging for me. (19).Despite that the city does reach out of all my needs personally and in school, i cannot concentrate due to noise, small place / room for me to work on with my plates. However, it made me become more conscious to time management and flexible in working with current condition or situations.

The respondents,  thru  their own personal statements,  answered the question if what do they think had living in the sub-urban home made their studying better. The answers  are  as follows:
(1). Support from family. (2). External Help from family .(3) I think by living in a sub-urban home, you can be more focused and be more efficient because of the relaxing and soothing nature of a sub-urban home. The greeneries I see around will actually benefit my studying habits. (4) Living in sub-urban makes me feel comfortable and relax to work on with my tasks. It gives me pleasurable environment to work on. (5) Because it gives me more time to take a breath and enjoy the air, i easily forget stress and I easily move forward forgetting unnecessary things happened in school.(6) I have great google my father and opinion of my relatives. (7) The different amenities. (8) More refreshing because its closer to nature. (9)It makes it better to concentrate being at your own home and being surrounded by the people who are constantly there for you. (10) The fresh and calm environment of the sub-urban areas allows me to focus better on studying. A lot less distractions in those places. (11)I can do my plates with my family so that they can help me whenever I have a question. (12) First, its because im with my family and i am provided with everything i need like proper food to eat, comfortable home and faster internet. (12) My parents were also there, I could easily talk to them when Im at my worst with this course. (13) I think studying for this places made me better because of my mothers delicious cook food, i can balance my food intake and lessen the junkfoods. (14) Yes (15) It is a walking distance from my school. Whenever I forgot something, I can easily get it. (16) Living in the sub-urban home will make my studying better because it is my comfort zone and I have my own room.
The respondents,  thru  their own personal statements,  answered the question if what do they think had living in the sub-urban home made their studying worst . The answers  are  as follows:
(1).Sub-urban home made my studying worse because the resources needed are not accessible. (2).Because sub urban makes me feel I'm in vacation days like I don't want to do my homework or plates anymore. (3). In contrast, maybe I'll always depend my decisions in life particularly in my studies with my parents. (4). Studying in sub-urban home my be worse because of connection, i'm not talking about telecom. Companies but connection to the professionals, it is hard for as students to study in sub- urban for the reason that informative material are limited and also the persons like architects are also limited so that we don't have any person to ask..(5).The distance can be a bit harsh because the time taken by travelling so far can eat away the time that you have left for studying. (6) None (7) Internet signal is poor (8).Stress (9) Living in sub-urban home means I have to take more effort in time management since I have to consider my travel time to come home from school and the time I will have to work on with my plates. (10) By living in a sub-urban home, the problem that I think that will make my studying worse is the insufficient resources. You will have limited access to internet and there are only a few shops that will cater for our architectural needs Other than that, I think there are no problems from the studying standpoint. (11) Transportation problem (12)Lack of printing shop and no good internet connection. (13)The lack of amenities. (14)Longer journey when going to a university, low or no internet access and limited to no place for recreational and study stuffs . (15)Its far from school and it takes a lot of my time. Two hour travel time takes 4hrs of your day traveling and its unproductive.

The respondents made their statement as to what they mean by Residential Satisfaction on their at present as Architecture students.

(1).Clean air and quite place to study and near my family. (2) I think it means that you can be comfortable of your house being a home and the environment that surrounds it also feels like home. (3) Comfort zone (4).Residential satisfaction is about being comfortable with your home and having all the things you need. (4) For me, reaching the sweet spot in my residential satisfaction, it must have a consistent internet connection, an up to date PC for my rendering and modeling needs, a comfortable working place, it must also be accessible to shops and groceries to buy my everyday needs. (5). Residential satisfaction is something you can be comfortable with. It is something that will not cause trouble from my study. (6) It means that your home is close enough to give you enough time for studying and relaxing. It also means that you will be able to stay up late without disturbing others in your home. (7) Residential Satisfaction is when you achieved the conformities once you stepped in at home. (8) It is a place where you can do your school works more inspired and comfortable. (9) Its easy to buy things and have nearest area that I can go.  (10).When the place is comfortable, when it rains, we dont need to evacuate because of flood. Security measures and its leisure around can satisfy me. (11). Residential Satisfaction is when every amenity or service within the residence's vicinity satisfies the needs and wants of the resident/s; may it be for the short term or long term basis. (12) Is the Feeling of satisfaction on your living space .(13) Residential Satisfaction not only consider elements of having a satisfactory and comfortable environment to have in homes. Rather, it should also consider the capability of the residence to cope up and provide the needs of the owner psychologically, emotionally, and physically.(14). Home is a place of calm. It is your retreat from an exhausting world. A resting place, free of worry.  Something that you would be glad to return to everyday. That is what makes a place . (15) How satisfied the student in his/her residential house and what surrounds it. (16) Having all the amenities you need to live a happy life.  (16) The feeling of being at home.(17) Residential Satisfaction for me is when you feel the comfort whenever when your at a certain place. You can easily get what you want and everything that you need without giving so much effort. Within a walkable distance from school or work and comfort when studying and resting. (18) Residential satisfaction for an architecture student is comfortability in doing all the works needed and can easily access shops that will suffice all our needs.


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Saturday, August 8, 2015

Our (OJTs) Student Trainees captures our hearts …

               It is such a Great Privilege and Honor for RCLA MARU ARCHITECTS CO. to be given the trust by  Architectural School on the Mentorship of Student Trainees in their OJT Period. And in every student, we feel proud as parents too. With the scarcity of Architectural Offices to spend the OJT Period into, each applicant to us opens our hearts as Architects to the Credo….” I shall set unto me the Mentorship of the Aspirants of the Profession…”

OJT's from De La Salle, College of St. Benilde, School of Art and Design

OJT's from Mapua Institute of Technology, Manila


             And for every student trainee bids goodbye on his completion date goes a piece of us to say.. “May these student trainees were able to get what they need, enjoy the OJT Period and added a degree of Confidence in themselves to push more to become Licensed Architects.

OJT's from De La Salle, College of St. Benilde, School of Art and Design

                RCLA MARU ARCHITECTS CO. sets its own Guidelines for Student  Trainees. To fully satisfy the Objective of Industry Immersion among these young people, the Company does not just welcome every student trainee to stay with us, but we embrace them and make them a part of our system. Thus, even for a period of 200 hours nearly 8 weeks, they are able to explore a well rounded training, both in the Office and in the Construction site.

OJT's from Mapua Institute of Technology, 
Department of Architecture, Interior Design and Built Environment

                Duty days are assigned to them to be Officer-of-the-day by their own,  manning the Office Phone  , receiving .. ins and out, Basic Accounting and other Office Procedure. We impose a very minimal supervision but is strict in their output on the tasks assigned. Each is given a Job Description designed for the 200 hours OJT in various venues like on construction site, in the office and  in  research fields. We  credit double hours count for Overtime works in case they are on site assignment and  also permit to credit their time spent for extra  more time they use to work on Presentations and studies that needs a continous concentration.

                While other OJT's just stay as observers in other companies, in  RCLA MARU ARCHITECTS CO.,  Student Trainees considers it as a “ trabaho ” company . That’s how they describe it.. which mean,  that OJTs are not just around to observe but they are taken in and form  “part of the system” . We trust to them our office and we trust to them our construction site. Thus  making them responsible.



Architecture Graduates from National University
 forms a Core Group as  Construction Supervision Team

                 With the four areas to explore on as Office Procedure, Planning and Drafting, 3d Presentation, and Construction Site Supervision/Inspection, each student trainee is required to be fully armed with good gadgets to maintain being online. Access thru the Social Media and the Internet anywhere we are makes us a gainful “paperless office”.

                 RCLA MARU ARCHITECTS CO. is very grateful for the chance to be a part in forming the Best Future Architects of the Philippines.


Arch. Ma. Elena Evangelista-Lamasan

Managing Partner

Tuesday, June 30, 2015

The Burden of Architecture


The Burden of Architecture 

By:  Arch Ma. Elena  Lamasan


OF ALL  ARTS,  Architecture takes upon itself a unique commitment and responsibility
 to mankind.  In the context of Philippine Society,   Architecture carries that conscience
and expectation.  A structure designed and built by an Architect has to last the longest
 time possible. It must be beautiful , functional and Strong.

To a painting that lasts until the painter dies, it becomes priceless. To a Jeweler to
keep those gems,  it’s a cherished  treasure. But what are they? They are decorations
that makes our lifestyle glitters,  Arts we see and touch to the most.

This makes  Architecture stand as unique  in its own. Human takes Architecture
as his dwelling and becomes a part of his everyday living.   Everytime a structure is built,
it carries in itself the strength to withstand the test of Nature. No matter what excuses
 there are in terms of new materials and methods of construction, still people expect such
structure  to  last.  And  people  expect  an  Architect’s  work  to  be  beautiful  as  it
dictates his lifestyle.  There is no choice for the Architect but make a firm
stand… that this work satisfy what Vitruvius proclaimed as Firmitas, (strength)
Utilistas, (Function) Venustas. (Beauty)

These human expectations as the viewer and user or occupant is in same
force with the Architect’s pride and bursting self-esteem.   Human Expectations that when
failed, will pull down an Architect up to the bitterness of his professional practice.
The self-esteem and pride of every Architect in his work serves both the good and
the evil. Good is true for his drive to create more as his self-esteem is boasted more.
But bad is near when his pride is challenged that may push him to do what is
upright and sometimes illegal just to validate a title or criticism. Architecture is creation
 of human for human. Wherever view it i seen, it is full of responsibility.
There is triumph and victory in the practice of this profession and coined with that,
there is a so called  … "Burden of Architecture"




INTRODUCTION

The Burden of Architecture had been existing in our life eversince the era of the Pharaos in Ancient times. To make a twist and present that positive note, Architects scapes from the word “ burden” . The Free  Dictionary has made its definition of burden as – something that is emotionally difficult to bear. Understandably, the fact that Architecture shelters human being, this cannot be relegated to the background.  As lifestyle and trend in society moves faster, moreover with the Generation Y, the present Architecture now faces many challenges. These challenges forms part of the burdens within the Architects’ inner self, the influence of Culture, the political will power that pastes an Imagery of what would be the Architecture of the time being, the Media that is on a race track with the development of technology and most of all, MAN  ITSELF as the hardest element to convince. This paper evolves on these influences and phenomenon such as:

The Burden of Architecture as affected by the  Imagery to its  people.
The Burden of Architecture due to the influence of culture.
The Morality and Architecture:  the heaviest burden.
The Legal Burden of Architecture .


1.    The Burden of Architecture as affected by the Imagery to its people.

When Author Robert Wilson asked Charles Correa in an Interview published with Uncube, Rob asked Charles if at the beginning of his career, was he hoping to invent a new architecture for post-independence India? Charles retold the fable of Animal Farm by George Orwell. It was said, “ The farmer has this big house that intimidates all the animals – so they decide to revolt and burn his house down. But when he runs away, they are too excited and tired – and a few days later the pigs move into the house and start running the farm exactly as the farmer did. And if a cow or horse protests, the pigs just show them a picture of the farmer’s house to frighten them.”

1.1.   Imagery in the Philippines: Imagery is a visual symbolism that appeals to the human eye to deepen his understanding to what is being conveyed to. In the Philippine setting, the government is not running out of imagery to frighten the people. Imagery had been useful to sway people’s beliefs. It is a way for the government to post a promise and assurance when a Billboard say.. “ On this Site will rise......” For every doubt in the future of economy, there lies plans and promises of good architecture. The on  going development of the Entertainment City in Pasay City boasting for its Manila Eye as equivalent the world’s famous London Eye, the sparkling night life and the latest of the business hub design to be later called as the Las Vegas of Asia is a good example of an imagery. Publicity about this idea form Philippine Gaming Corporation (Pagcor) with the banner bearer, the prominent people behind had shaded the Filipino vision of an outstanding economy. This is imagery, this brainwashes the Filipino mind, well, for good, for everybody to be positive and not to think of the debts of the Philippine Government where until your grandson’s grandson has to pay for life.

1.2.       Are Imagery Positively contagious? The writer agree that these developments had commenced, and hopefully will bring economic stability to the country. Yet, there are these hidden agenda and still many things to do for the Filipino named Juan de la Cruz. Architecture is the most fastest image conveyor. It is visual and its palatable to any investor’s eye. Had the Architects realized that without their skills, talents and passion to visualize and present their perspectives, this world will not see an image of a bright future?

1.3.       How does  Imagery becomes a burden of Architecture? The Burden of Architecture of a country like the Philippines is when these promises will be in vain. Many billboards of government proposed projects enhanced and already accepted by the Filipino people due to impressive perspectives and illustrations brought about by high technology in Advertising

Remained  billboards. Some are seen along highways with names of Architect/ Designers and Consultants. Sour grapes shall be yours when government allocations change course and such billboards diminishes with the typhoon. Whatever the cause maybe, still the name of the architect already strikes a light in the viewer’s eye.  May the upcoming imagery the world will throw will be for the good of Architecture.

2.         The Burden of Architecture. Claiming Filipino Identity
During the 1980”s when this   Writer was entering   College of Architecture in one of the    Catholic Universities in the Visayas, Arch Nathaniel Von Einsiedel had that most awaited talk in the City hosted by both the Architects and Engineers. (Thanks that there was no RA 9266 in battle yet with the Civil Engineers). Time was when Arch Francisco Manosa was greatly known for the fruits of the Imeldific Giant Projects especially the Coconut Palace. In his talk, Arch Einsiedel was strongly encouraging Illongo students to Read Books to nourish their minds to design Filipino, pushing Filipino Architecture. The Open
Forum got inquiries like: How can we design Filipino when we don’t have enough reading materials that are Filipino?. There was no George Salvan History of Architecture yet, only the Sir Banister Fletcher book that talks like, about the sketched Renaissance Architecture so finely. True enough, we don’t have enough Books to read that are Filipino those times.

2.1 Break –Free and claim Filipino Architecture Identity
Presently,  the  cyberworld  conquered  us  all  and  the  e-books  flooding  everywhere.  Surprisingly,  the Information Technology brings us foreign designs with matching DYI “Do it Yourself” equipments and Building Materials Installations mostly of synthetic, plastic, metals and glass. According to Ar. Paulo  Alcazaren, “The problem with Philippine architecture is, in fact, its invisibility. Nobody can substantially define it, the public does not know it exists beyond the nipa hut and if it does exist, it is otherwise rendered unrecognizable because it hides behind (and I really must reiterate) monstrous billboards, or underneath a foreign façade; in many instances actually designed by a foreigner.” It is Philippine art invisibility that was tackled in a talk delivered by culture maven Dr. Nina Baker at the Ayala Museum recently. The title of the talk was "Breaking into the Global Arena: What does it take?" Dr. Baker put Philippine art in focus, looking at issues of national identity, the hegemonic burden of colonialism and today’s globalization of art and culture mainly through new art and multi-media forms (and by inference, architecture).
According to Alcazaren, “ Her conclusion: we Filipinos (and our art) have been invisible to the world probably because of our culture’s innate plasticity, our ability to quickly assimilate, absorb, adapt to and adopt forms ( fashion, speech, art, architecture, etc.) So, are we cultural chameleons rendering ourselves mestizo clones from those we chose to valorize? Is our hybrid culture of continuous hybridism with no end in sight except copycatting?”




2.2  Origen of Filipino Architectural Education, how does it affects our Designs.
The Architecture in this country had been living with a burden, inherited from our ancestors, so to say, since even our First Filipino Registered Architect Don Tomas Mapúa, obtained his degree at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York in the US. And therefore following there on, more Architects studied and trained abroad brought International Architectural Designs to the country. The Filipino Architecture must break-free and with the strong FILIPINO IDENTITY implemented in our Designs started by the Marcos Regime, slowly the Filipino Architecture is getting its Identity.

3.The Morality and Architecture: the heaviest burden.
Many debates on the Morality and Architecture had touched significant issues concerning the past and the present. Some of these can be read in books, blogs and social media pages reaching the young and the olds in the Profession and in Business sector. The art historian David Watkin against any attempt to ground architecture on morality, expressed in his book Morality and Architecture, first published by Oxford University Press in 1977. Watkin maintains that the claim of architecture to morality undermines individual imagination as well as the aesthetic value of the work carried on by artistic tradition. Watkin’s approach is not only very close to Kant’s concept of aesthetic autonomy but, more than that, it rigorously defends the supremacy of the aesthetic factor in architecture. On this ground, Watkin proceeds to a critique of the architectural theory of the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth century. He classifies architectural theory in three categories:

1. “architecture enters the threshold of the twentieth century suffering an inner contradiction between its aesthetic self claiming total independence and a moral, engaged into a social mission, self”

2. According to Watkin (1977, pp. 3-4), it is the nineteenth art theorist Pugin he who initiates architecture’s claim to morality in the modern era. In his Contrasts (1836), Pugin claims that the same principles that underlie religious truths should underlie the form of a building. Engaged in the legacy of Pugin’s claim to truth, Modern architecture has to defeat religious doctrines with some other kind of truth, Watkin argues.1

Thus, in order to be morally justified, Modern architecture has to become a rational instrument of social policy. Furthermore, it has to express the “true” nature of the materials.
3. Le Corbusier’s words: “A man who practices a religion and does not believe in it is a poor wretch; (…) We are to be pitied for living in unworthy houses, since they ruin our health and our morale”(Le Corbusier 1987, p. 14).



3.1 Reconcile the Past and the Present Trends in Professional Practice as History enlightens the issue of the Burden of Architecture. Renaissance architecture seems to be an excellent example of understanding and interpretation of past values. In the book written by Helen Tatla, Morality and Architecture , the philosophy of Gadamer say that in the Quattro libri dell’ architectura, first published in 1570, Palladio maintains that “the practice of architecture as a manifestation of virtue is a moral obligation for the architect: (Palladio 1965). This is true even in the Philippine scenario as supported by the Architect’s Code of Ethics. Thus, Architects were taught to be modest even not permitted to do advertisements. It became a burden as a moral obligation to stay “not commercially inclined” but to focus on “serving towards the Interest of the Client”.

At present, there is still a debatable issue whether to advertise as part of Business Marketing Strategy does not contradicts the Architects’ Code of Ethics.

3.2  Responsibility in Design.
The third category of architectural theory dealing with the principles underlying Modern architecture, discussed in the book written by Helen Tatla, Morality and Architecture which Watkin despises, is the rational-technological one. It originates in the 18th century French theorists and is related to Classical, Gothic or “modern” architecture. As Viollet-le-Duc (1889, vol. I, p. 448)) puts it, giving a mechanistic interpretation of the Gothic, “we must be true in respect of the programme, and true in respect of the constructive processes.” (Watkin 1977, p.

The programe, concerning the organization of human functional needs in space, as well as the structural needs of the work, constitute - in moral terms – the source of form of modern architecture. Truth and morality are defined on the basis of universality implied by a new collectivist society. Watkin says, “We can gather that individual taste and imagination are immoral and false as far as architectural form is concerned (Watkin 1977, p. 14; Pevsner 2005, pp. 110-11).
 In archinology, documentaries of the first recorded study of ethics that was by Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and their contemporaries, used words that in translation had multiple meanings: the term aischron described something 'shameful' as well as 'ugly', and kal's referred to something as being 'honorable' and/or 'beautiful'.

This duality of meaning seems to indicate that there was an early relationship between ethics and aesthetics, which in turn may relate to a link between the character of an architect, the approach to design, and the quality of the work.
Increasingly unachievable is the very basic human characteristic of feeling, or being, ‘in place’. Humans have not evolved in a way that we are no longer in need of or incapable of experiencing and knowing places. However, our use and exploitation of the human environment is indifferent to place. When people depend on place to define meaning, then it is that indifference that is in need of ethical scrutiny. For humanity to live in a more permanent, grounded self, we need to renew the ethical framework to remind us of the virtues of life and help create and preserve place.

3.3  Capture the Positive Effect of realizing this Burden at Present.
The famous Architect Zaha Hadid was questioned about the migrant workers who have died while working on the al-Wakrah stadium in Qatar, designed by Zaha Hadid Architects. Ms. Hadid likened her concern for their plight to her concern for Iraqi deaths: “I’m more concerned about the deaths in Iraq as well, so what do I do about that? I’m not taking it lightly but I think it’s for the government to look to take care of. It’s not my duty as an architect to look at it.” She further asserted that her responsibility was limited to personal censure: “I can make a statement, a personal statement, about the situation with the workers, but  I cannot do anything about it because I have no power to do anything about it.”   In another publication, Zaha Hadid made a statement when asked about conditions on construction projects for the Qatar World Cup, Hadid responded that it was responsibility of the Qatari government not architects to address issues relating to worker deaths. "It's not my duty as an architect to look at it," said Hadid. "I cannot do anything about it because I have no power to do anything about it. I think it's a problem anywhere in the world. But, as I said, I think there are discrepancies all over the world." "I have nothing to do with the workers," she added. "I think that's an issue the government – if there's a problem – should pick up. Hopefully, these things will be resolved."




3.4 Unfortunate Incidents during the Project Implementation as Burden of Architecture
As elaborated by the Author Sheri Wing in the Article: Moral Responsibility: Zaha Hadid and the al-Wakrah Stadium”, Metropolis ask if, when a disaster occurs during an economic or architectural endeavor, is it just a matter of legal responsibility or is there a moral component as well? Does the fame of the architect somehow mitigate the responsibility? Or, as some actors have claimed, does one's fame and bully pulpit make one more responsible to use that influence towards promoting good or charitable causes that will ostensibly benefit fellow human beings?

Sherin Wing tackled the issue on the responsibilities of the Architects when she said; “It might be interesting to look at other examples of what individuals and corporations can do when they are either 1) involved or implicated in tragic incidents or 2) at odds with the unsavory practices of a government that happens to employ them.

3.5 We see no more: The Manila Film Center Tragedy. Had it opened our eyes? Or the Government
Propaganda succeeded in burying the Memory.
In the southwest end of the CCP Complex, (Cultural Center of the Philippines) is Manila Film Center located in Pasay City. It is a national building, The Manila Film Center designed by Architect Froilan Hong where its edifice is supported on more than nine hundred piles which reaches to the bed-rock about 120 feet below. The Manila Film Center served as the main theater for the 1st Manila International Film Festival (MIFF) from the 18th to the 29th of January, 1982. The building has also been the subject of controversies due to an accident that happened during the final stages of its construction in 1981. It has been told that the a Feasibility study was prepared and among the Film Center’s project components were the 360-degree theatre that will show images of the past and present historical and tourism scenes for the future generations to see.

This  writer on those years were on a first year college in the school of Architecture and this attraction were not just Filipinos but people around the world were hopeful for. It was really for generations to see, but we see no more.
An accident occurred around 3:00 a.m. on November 17, 1981 during the construction of the Manila Film Center. Its scaffolding collapsed, and at least 169 workers fell and were buried under quick-drying wet cement. A blanket of security was immediately imposed by the Marcos administration, and neither rescuers nor ambulances were permitted on the site until an official statement had been prepared. The rescuers were eventually permitted to go inside the accident site 9 hours after the collapse.

The Manila Film Center is said to be haunted due to the accident that took place in the construction of the structure. It has been speculated that due to the 9 hours that passed before rescuers were allowed in the site, some of the workers were entombed alive and that the bodies were left in the hardened concrete slabs. In a 2005 documentary produced by GMA Network's i-Witness, all 169 workers were traced and the records show that not more than a dozen died, Furthermore, all the bodies were retrieved and were given a proper burial.

The building was then designed to have two components which were the auditoria and archives. According to Hong, the foundation was set on reclaimed land near the Manila Bay. Since the deadline of the structure was tight, it required 4,000 workers, working in 3 shifts across 24 hours. One thousand workers constructed the lobby in 72 hours, a job which would normally entail six weeks of labor. The Film Center opened in 1982 costing an estimate of $25 million.

Talitha Espiritu on a write up published in an article titled House of Horrors said, “Like a black hole in time and space, the Manila Film Center is now stricken of life, a place where no positive energy can come from. But it is a place where the horrors of Nov. 17, 1981 remain trapped like unreleased energy, the energy of decay and collapse.”




3.5 To Design or not to Design.

On the moral responsibility of Architecture, the United Architects of the Philippines ( UAP) does not have specific rules yet to fully itemize what was written in the poetic-like Architects Code of Ethics. Writer Roman Mars, in his 99% Invisible Radio Show that focuses on Design and Architecture touched on the topic: The Design of prisons which contain execution chambers or house prisoners in solitary confinement. He discusses whether architects have a moral duty to decline these commissions and whether, as a profession, architecture should have a code of ethics which prevents registered architects from participating in such designs.
He compares architecture to the medical profession, where the American Medical Association imposes an ethical code on its members which all but forbids them from taking part in execution by lethal injection, based on medicine’s general aim of preservation, rather than destruction of Life.
The United Architects of the Philippines (UAP) does not have specific provisions on this issue. Probably because there are less current challenges in this these areas, eventually, the Architects as a professional directly involved in accommodating man’s activities and dwelling will be more sensitive on the issue going more towards implementing Laws for Human Rights protection.

Statements published says, the Architects, Designers and Planners for Social Responsibility would like to see an added clause in the (AIA) American Institute of Architect’s Ethical Code, which prohibits architects from accepting any commission designed for “ execution or for torture or other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment, including prolonged solitary confinement.
David H. Watkins in the published interview in BD+C which asked: In your book, you state that “the architect has a moral responsibility to use research data in the design process.” Why a “moral responsibility”? says: “Our responsibility for protecting the well-being of building occupants should involve more than protecting them against fire and structural collapse. Today, there is an ever-increasing body of research on the relationship between buildings and human behavior. As design-related knowledge expands and becomes more definitive, it carries with it an inherent moral obligation to apply it.”

4.Legal Burden of Architecture.

Legal Responsibility of the Architect dictates that failures during Construction Implementation if the Architect’s role is limited on the Design or Authorship of the Plan cannot be thrown back to the him. Yet, in case of Tragedy which pronounces a National or even a worldwide issue cannot be ignored. The Architects mission is to design for beauty, function and strength to the built environment and it must be safe so as to protect the lives and property.




REFERENCES:
1.         Charles Correa – Interview with Rob Wilson http://www.uncubemagazine.com/sixcms/detail.php?id=9567961&articleid=art-1370856698109-4d61f277-3d27-40c5-afc7-2a79534aa937#!/page17
2.         Manuel D. Noche, History of Philippine Architecture: National Commission for Culture and the Arts, September 04, 2014 http://www.ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/articles-on-c-n-a/article.php?igm=1&i=110
3.         The Cultural Burden of Architecture http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/40480507?uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&sid=211045 87946167
4.         Winand Klassen. Cebu City: University of San Carlos, 1986. Xiv, 435 pages: Architecture In the Philippines: Filipino Buildings in a Cross Cultural Context
5.         Paulo Alcazaren, CITY SENSE By CITY SENSE: Where are the Filipino Architects? :Philstar Lifestyle, September 4, 2014 http://www.philstar.com/modern-living/375298/where-are-filipino-architects
6.         Philip Nobel, “Anti-Starchitecture Chic”, Metropolis Magazine, June 2007 http://www.metropolismag.com/June-2007/Anti-Starchitecture-Chic/
7.         Helen Tatla, “Morality and Architecture”, Technological Education Institution, TEI of Athens https://www.um.es/vmca/proceedings/docs/32.Helen-Tatla.pdf
8.         Sherin Wing, “Moral Responsibility, Zaha Hadid and the al-Wakrah Stadium”, Metropolis, March 4, 2014 http://www.metropolismag.com/Point-of-View/March-2014/Moral-Responsibility-Zaha-Hadid-and-the-al-Wakrah-Stadium/
9.         Rory Stott, “Should Architects Follow a Code of Ethics?”,  Architecture News Editor’s Choice,
Arch Daily, June 10, 2013 http://www.archdaily.com/383402/should-architects-follow-a-code-of-ethics/


10.        C.C Sullivan, “When Architects Design Death Chambers” , StarPlanet, Issue 21 http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/the-take/when-architects-design-death-chambers/
11.        Stephen Walker, “ Gordon Matta-Clark: Art, Architecture and the Attack on Modernism
10  http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=_ncAAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA142&lpg=PA142&dq=The+mor
al+obligation+of+architecture&source=bl&ots=iuYqQ5n5i2&sig=nGTeu-
lpqquwcfkuUG_zdj4fJnw&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jNgIVKXvJpft8AXYzYGoDA&ved=0CEAQ6AEw
BDgK#v=onepage&q=The%20moral%20obligation%20of%20architecture&f=false

12.        David Greusel,Kansas; Eric Jacobsen, Pasadena;Michael Metzger,Annapolis: “ Architecture as Moral Art: Surveying the Moral Dimension of Architecture”, Heaven and Earth, Vol 12
No.1,August 2017 http://www.cloud cuckoo.net/openarchive/wolke/eng/Subjects/071/Greusel/greusel_et-al.htm
13.        D. Kris Hamilton, FAIA, FASCHA, EDAC, ‘The Moral Responsibility of Leadership for Design
Outcomes”. HERD, May 15, 2012 https://www.herdjournal.com/article/moral-responsibility-leadership-design-outcomes
14.        “Doing the Right Thing...”archinology http://www.archinology.com/ethics/
15.        Architect David Watkins : “A Moral Responsibility to Use Research Design”, Building Design and Construction http://www.bdcnetwork.com/qa/architect-david%C2%A0watkins-moral-responsibility-use-research-design
16.        The Manila Film Center, Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_Film_Center



ART DECO for a Filipino-Spanish Buffet in the Heart of Quezon City

ART DECO for a Filipino-Spanish  Buffet 
in the Heart of Quezon City 
by Arch. Ma.  Elena Lamasan


A Filipino – Spanish Festive Buffet in the Heart of Quezon City
Reminiscence of the Philippine Commonwealth....The QUEZON BUFFET
has a distinctive Ambiance of a Fine Dining in Art Deco of the 1920's.



The Architect's Perspective



This is a proof of Patriotic Artists and Architects in the Person
 of Arch. Reynold C. Lamasan and Ma. Elena Lamasan in collaboration with Architect/Consultant Enrique G. Munar, both with extensive Interior Design background.


 


Being pioneers of the Restaurant Design since the 1980"s,  the Architect Couple Ma. Elena E. Lamasan and Reynold C. Lamasan  had manifested the well-seasoned prowess in expressing the good old days of the Philippine memorabilla.  At present, both are Partners at   RCLA MARU ARCHITECTS CO. - a Design-Build Firm and used to be diligent employees of Z-Design Inc., one of the well-known Design Firms in the Wall Street of Ayala Avenue, Makati up to the late '90s managed by the then former Miss Young Philippines of the 70's – Ms. Maricar Zaldarriaga.

The Architect's Perspective




The RCLA MARU ARCHITECTS  CO. had harnessed its artistic potential in Restaurant and Fastfood Design with the Members of its Team's expertise that started in the 1980's being the pioneer designers of Jollibee Foods Corporation, Greenwich and other high-end Interior Design Projects of the Z-Design Inc, one of the Leading Architecture/Interior Firm in Ayala Avenue, Makati during its era.



Some of their past works aside from high end offices and residential 
were Outlets of the No. 1 Fastfood Chain in the Country, Jollibee Foods Corporation  where they produced worth remembering Interior Concepts inspired by the Fastfood outlet's influences on  Geographic Location, History and Culture.






It was a challenging Role then for Z-Design Inc to lift up Jollibee Outlets into the limelight above McDonalds as the prime rival on those years. Posed in various site conditions - free-standing.  interior as-built renovations and face lifting tasks, the couple Architects Lamasans had been honed to meeting design circumstances with a positive attitude and creativity.

The Architect's Perspective

The Actual Completion



The Legacy of the Zaldarriaga's in handling Clients, Discipline maintaining wrok ethics and company standards lives on in the  minute attention to details and its in these  where RCLA MARU architects hold-on to. These intensive experiences are there passport to a Exceptional accomplihments.


Watch for more of Restaurant Interior Design and Build Projects by this Team.

For Inquiries
RCLA MARU ARCHITECTS CO:
Telephone Nos:  02-5037276  /  0927-8269808
Website: http://architectsrclamaru.wix.com.gallery